Sugeng Riyanto

Substation automation systems use several communication protocols to enable the exchange of information between different devices and systems. Some of the most common protocols used in substation automation systems include: IEC 61850: This is a communication protocol standard for substation automation that defines a set of rules for the exchange of information between different devices in a substation. It is designed to improve the interoperability, flexibility, and functionality of substation automation systems. Modbus: Modbus is a communication protocol used in industrial automation systems. It is a simple protocol that allows data to be transmitted over serial communication lines between different devices. It is widely used in substation automation systems for communication between intelligent electronic devices (IEDs). DNP3: Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3) is a communication protocol used in the power utility industry for communication between remote terminal units (RTUs) and

Remote Terminal Unit RTU stands for Remote Terminal Unit, which is a type of electronic device used in industrial control systems and other applications to monitor and control remote equipment. RTUs are commonly used in industries such as oil and gas, power generation and distribution, and water treatment. An RTU typically consists of a microprocessor-based unit that interfaces with sensors, actuators, and other devices, and communicates with a central control system or other RTUs over a network. The RTU may be located at a remote site or distributed across multiple sites, and is designed to operate in harsh environments and under varying conditions. The functions of an RTU can include data acquisition, control and monitoring of equipment, alarm and event reporting, and communication with other devices and systems. RTUs are typically designed to be configurable and programmable, allowing them to be adapted to different applications and scenarios. Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) is a type of

IEC 60870-104 Protocol IEC 60870-104 is a widely used protocol for communication between supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems and remote terminal units (RTUs). IEC 60870-104 is a modern and more advanced protocol compared to IEC 101. It is designed to address the limitations of IEC 101, such as its security vulnerabilities and performance limitations. IEC 60870-104 Protocol Master/Slave Key features and components of IEC 104: Asynchronous serial communication: Similar to IEC 101, IEC 104 uses asynchronous serial communication for data transmission. Master-slave architecture: It also follows a master-slave architecture, where the SCADA system is the master and controls the RTUs. Event-driven data transfer: Unlike IEC 101, IEC 104 uses an event-driven data transfer mechanism. This means that data is only transmitted when there is a change in the status of the remote equipment, rather than on a periodic basis. This improves efficiency and reduces network traff

IEC 60870-101 Protocol  IEC 60870-101 is a widely used protocol for communication between supervisory control and data acquisition   (SCADA)  systems and remote terminal units  (RTUs) . It is particularly common in the energy industry, including power generation, transmission, and distribution. IEC 60870-101 Protocol Master/Slave Key features and components of IEC 101: Asynchronous serial communication: It uses asynchronous serial communication, which is a common method for transmitting data over serial lines, such as RS-232 or RS-485. Master-slave architecture: The protocol follows a master-slave architecture, where the SCADA system acts as the master and controls the RTUs, which are the slaves. Cyclic data transfer: IEC 101 uses a cyclic data transfer mechanism, where the master periodically polls the slaves for data. This ensures that the SCADA system has up-to-date information about the status of the remote equipment. Message types: IEC 101 defines various message types for differ